8 Items to Have on Hand to Treat Colds and Flu

The cold and flu season is here. As more people are getting sick, staying prepared is more important than ever. Fortunately, cold and flu season doesn’t have to catch you off guard. By stocking up on essentials and staying vigilant, you can manage symptoms effectively and keep your household ready for whatever the season brings.

1. Thermometer ​

Whether you prefer a digital, infrared, or ear thermometer, having a reliable way to measure temperature is essential to determine if a fever is present. Your physician or advanced practice provider will want this information to help you better manage and treat symptoms.

A fever over 100.4°F is generally considered significant. Tracking temperature changes can also help determine if a higher level of care is necessary.

2. Fever Reducers and Pain Relievers

Fever, headaches, and muscle aches often accompany colds and flu. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil) and naproxen (Aleve) can help.

“Choosing the right medication depends on individual health conditions,” says Jane
Diep, APN, MSN, AGACNP-BC, an advanced practice nurse with Cooper Care Alliance.

“For example, NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in older adults or those on blood thinners. Acetaminophen, while effective, should not be overused due to the risk of liver damage.”

Always consult your physician or advanced practice provider before starting or combining medications, especially if you have underlying conditions.

3. Fluids

Staying hydrated is one of the most important steps you can take when battling a cold or the flu. Illness often leads to dehydration, which can worsen symptoms and delay recovery.

Plain water is the best way to replenish lost fluids. You can also try electrolyte drinks like Pedialyte or low-sugar sports drinks to restore sodium and potassium. Other good options include herbal teas, broth-based soups, and coconut water. Avoid caffeine, sugary beverages, and alcohol, as they can dehydrate you further.

4. Pulse Oximeter

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, pulse oximeters have become a household tool for monitoring blood oxygen levels, particularly during respiratory illnesses.

“A pulse oximeter is a valuable tool for anyone experiencing breathing difficulties,” Diep says. “Normal oxygen levels typically range between 95% and100%. If levels drop below 90%, contact your doctor’s office immediately.”

5. Cough drops

Cough drops are a simple way to soothe a sore throat and calm a nagging cough. Some varieties even relieve nasal congestion.

People with diabetes or anyone monitoring their sugar intake should look for sugar-free options. If cough drops aren’t available, a cup of warm tea or ice water can also ease throat irritation.

6. Cough Calmers

Liquid or pill-form medications can provide more sustained relief for persistent coughs and nasal congestion. These remedies can be especially appealing when you are seeking a good night’s sleep.

“Always check the label carefully, as many cough medicines contain more than one ingredient and it’s important to understand the side effects of each,” Diep says. “Products containing diphenhydramine (Benadryl) can cause drowsiness and increase the risk of falls, especially in older adults. Meanwhile, medications with dextromethorphan (DM) can affect blood pressure and suppress respiratory function.”

7. Nasal sprays

Saline nasal sprays are a safe, drug-free way to relieve congestion by moisturizing and flushing out your nasal passages, making it easier to breathe. For more severe congestion, medicated nasal sprays are available over the counter, but it’s important to use them with caution. Some have ingredients that raise blood pressure or worsen other health conditions. Always check with your pharmacist or physician to ensure the nasal spray you choose is safe, especially if you have high blood pressure.

8. Humidifier

A small humidifier can also be a good cold-weather friend whether you are ailing or not by adding moisture to dry indoor air. This makes it easier to breathe and soothes sore throats or coughs caused by common cold viruses.

Be sure to clean your humidifier regularly to prevent mold and bacteria growth. If you don’t have a humidifier, steaming up the bathroom with a hot shower can also help.

Antibiotics Aren’t for Colds or the Flu

It’s a common misconception that antibiotics can cure colds or the flu. Antibiotics are designed to help your immune system fight bacterial infections such as strep throat, whooping cough, and bacterial pneumonia.

However, antibiotics have no effect on viral infections like the cold or flu. Taking them unnecessarily won’t speed up recovery and can contribute to antibiotic resistance, which makes it harder to treat bacterial infections in the future.

When to Seek Medical Care

Most cases of cold and flu can be treated at home with rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications to treat the symptoms.

However, if your symptoms worsen, you have trouble breathing, or you’re unsure if you need additional care, call your physician or advanced practice.

Jane Diep, APN, sees patients at Cooper Care Alliance in Seaville and Marmora. She is accepting new patients. Call 609-486-5150 to schedule an appointment.